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.TH DEBOOTSTRAP 8 2001-04-27 "Debian Project" "Debian GNU/Linux manual"
.SH NAME
debootstrap \- Bootstrap a basic Debian system
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B debootstrap
.RB [ OPTION\&.\&.\&. ]
.I SUITE TARGET
.RI [ MIRROR
.RI [ SCRIPT ]]
.B debootstrap
.RB [ OPTION\&.\&.\&. ]
\-\-second\-stage
.SH DESCRIPTION
.B debootstrap
bootstraps a basic Debian system of
.I SUITE
(eg, sarge, etch, lenny, sid) into
.I TARGET
from
.I MIRROR
by running
.IR SCRIPT .
.I MIRROR
can be an http:// URL, a file:/// URL, or an ssh:/// URL.
Notice that file:/ URLs are translated to file:/// (correct scheme as
described in RFC1738 for local filenames), and file:// will \fBnot\fR work.
ssh://USER@HOST/PATH URLs are retrieved using
.BR scp ;
use of
.B ssh\-agent
or similar is strongly recommended.
.PP
\fBDebootstrap\fR can be used to install Debian in a system without using an
installation disk but can also be used to run a different Debian flavor in a \fBchroot\fR
environment. This way you can create a full (minimal) Debian installation which
can be used for testing purposes (see the \fBEXAMPLES\fR section).
If you are looking for a chroot system to build packages please take a look at
\fBpbuilder\fR.
.SH "OPTIONS"
.PP
.IP "\fB\-\-arch ARCH\fP"
Set the target architecture (use if dpkg isn't installed). See also \-\-foreign.
.IP
.IP "\fB\-\-include=alpha,beta\fP"
Comma separated list of packages which will be added to download and extract
lists.
.IP
.IP "\fB\-\-exclude=alpha,beta\fP"
Comma separated list of packages which will be removed from download and
extract lists. WARNING: you can and probably will exclude essential packages, be
careful using this option.
.IP
.IP "\fB\-\-components=alpha,beta\fP"
Use packages from the listed components of the archive.
.IP
.IP "\fB\-\-no\-resolve\-deps\fP"
By default, debootstrap will attempt to automatically resolve any missing
dependencies, warning if any are found. Note that this is not a complete
dependency resolve in the sense of dpkg or apt, and that it is far better
to specify the entire base system than rely on this option. With this
option set, this behaviour is disabled.
.IP
.IP "\fB\-\-variant=buildd|fakechroot\fP"
Name of the bootstrap script variant to use. Currently, the variant
supported are buildd, which installs the build-essential packages into
.IR TARGET
and fakechroot, which installs the packages without root privileges.
The default, with no \fB\-\-variant=X\fP argument, is to create a base
Debian installation in
.IR TARGET .
.IP
.IP "\fB\-\-keyring=KEYRING\fP"
Download signatures for retrieved Release files and check them against
.IR KEYRING .
By default, Release file signatures are not checked.
.IP
.IP "\fB\-\-verbose\fP"
Produce more info about downloading.
.IP
.IP "\fB\-\-print\-debs\fP"
Print the packages to be installed, and exit. Note that a TARGET directory
must be specified so debootstrap can download Packages files to determine
which packages should be installed, and to resolve dependencies. The TARGET
directory will be deleted unless \-\-keep\-debootstrap\-dir is specified.
.IP
.IP "\fB\-\-download\-only\fP"
Download packages, but don't perform installation
.IP
.IP "\fB\-\-foreign\fP"
Do the initial unpack phase of bootstrapping only, for example if the
target architecture does not match the host architecture. A copy of
debootstrap sufficient for completing the bootstrap process will be
installed as /debootstrap/debootstrap in the target filesystem.
.IP
.IP "\fB\-\-second\-stage\fP"
Complete the bootstrapping process. Other arguments are generally not
needed.
.IP
.IP "\fB\-\-second\-stage\-target DIR\fP"
Run second stage in a subdirectory instead of root. (can be used to create
a foreign chroot) (requires \-\-second\-stage)
.IP
.IP "\fB\-\-keep\-debootstrap\-dir\fP"
Don't delete the /debootstrap directory in the target after completing the
installation.
.IP
.IP "\fB\-\-unpack\-tarball FILE\fP"
Acquire .debs from tarball FILE instead of downloading via http
.IP
.IP "\fB\-\-make\-tarball FILE\fP"
Instead of bootstrapping, make a tarball (written to FILE) of the downloaded
packages.
The resulting tarball may be passed to a later
.BR \-\-unpack\-tarball .
.IP
.IP "\fB\-\-boot\-floppies\fP"
Used for internal purposes by boot-floppies
.IP
.IP "\fB\-\-debian\-installer\fP"
Used for internal purposes by the debian-installer
.IP
.SH "EXAMPLE"
.
.PP
To setup a \fIsarge\fR system:
.PP
# debootstrap sarge ./sarge-chroot http://ftp.debian.org/debian
.PP
# debootstrap sarge ./sarge-chroot file:///PATH_TO_LOCAL_MIRROR/debian
.PP
Full process to create a complete Debian installation of \fIsid\fR (unstable):
.PP
main # cd / ; mkdir /sid-root
main # debootstrap sid /sid-root http://ftp.debian.org/debian/
[ ... watch it download the whole system ]
main # echo "proc /sid-root/proc proc none 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
main # mount proc /sid-root/proc -t proc
main # cp /etc/hosts /sid-root/etc/hosts
main # chroot /sid-root /bin/bash
chroot # dselect
[ you may use aptitude, install mc and vim ... ]
main # echo "8:23:respawn:/usr/sbin/chroot /sid-root " \\
"/sbin/getty 38400 tty8" >> /etc/inittab
[ define a login tty that will use this system ]
main # init q
[ reload init ]
.PP
Note that you will generally need a recent version of debootstrap to
do this; the version currently in stable will generally have stopped
working due to changes to unstable shortly after the last release.
.SH AUTHOR
.B debootstrap
was written by Anthony Towns <ajt@debian.org>.
This manpage was written by Matt Kraai <kraai@debian.org>.
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